for more information. Epub 2017 Apr 28. 33, 030604 (2015). Periodic table of the elements, materials science and academic information, elements and advanced materials data, scientific presentations and all pages, designs, concepts, logos, and color schemes herein are the copyrighted proprietary rights and intellectual property of American Elements. Do Kim, Y., Kim, J. P., Kwon, O. S. & Cho, I. H. The synthesis and application of thermally stable dyes for ink-jet printed LCD color filters. Both R1 and R2 undergo slight changes at RH 57% (FigureS10). 2012 May;12(5):4228-32. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2012.5894. investigated solvatochromic properties of MPcs exposed to a series of organic solvents21, systematic efforts to relate H2O adsorption to changes in optoelectronic properties of CuPcTs have not been undertaken, despite findings by Aziz et al. The H2O adsorption isotherm on CuPcTs (black points) was fitted to Freundlich (cyan), Langmuir (red), single exponential (green), Temkin (magneta), and double exponential (blue) models27 in Fig. 185, 2939 (2001). DOT (US)Not dangerous goodsIMDGNot dangerous goodsIATANot dangerous goods. Klauk, H. Organic electronics: materials, manufacturing, and applications. The results suggest that rapid H2O adsorption takes place at hydrophilic sulfonyl/salt groups on domain surfaces at low RH, while slow adsorption and diffusion of H2O into CuPcTs crystallites leads to a mixed CuPcTs-H2O phase at RH>60%, resulting in high frequency dielectric screening of the film by water and dissociation of Na+ from CuPc(SO3 Humidity effect on gravimetric properties. 8600 Rockville Pike This result, related to the behavior of n and k, is caused by dielectric screening of CuPcTs by water. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. help you have the best experience while on the site. Approximately 25% of all artificial organic pigments are phthalocyanine derivatives. The increased mobility facilitates the breakdown of electrical double layers and a resultant decrease in capacitance. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical (2016). HWKofvEM Both ratios \({{\rm{\tau }}}_{2}/{{\rm{\tau }}}_{1}\) and \({k}_{1-2}/{k}_{1-1}\) increase linearly from ~0.03 to ~0.1 as RH increases from 10% to 95%, which suggests that the double exponential behavior modelled in Fig. Barrett, M., Borkowska, Z., Humphreys, M. W. & Parsons, R. Ellipsometry of thin films of copper phthalocyanine. 6, 138163 (1961). Optical conductivity was calculated at 600nm (corresponding to the maximum absorbance of Q-band of CuPcTs) and reflects RH dependence at this wavelength. 2020 Feb 15;227:117621. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117621. Frequency shift of the QCM crystals was converted to mass change using the well-known Sauerbrey equation25. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.Reference to other sectionsFor disposal see section 13. Molecule structure of Copper phthalocyanine (CAS NO.147-14-8): Molecular Weight: 576.06904 g/mol Molecular Formula: C 32 H 16 CuN 8 Melting Point: 600C (dec.) Water Solubility: <0.1 g/100 mL at 20 C H-Bond Acceptor: 8 Exact Mass: 575.079394 MonoIsotopic Mass: 575.079394 Topological Polar Surface Area: 98.9 Heavy Atom Count: 41 PMC Sign up today! FOIA [17] The abbreviation "CuPc" is also used.[18]. Multi-modal, ultrasensitive, wide-range humidity sensing with Ti. Google Scholar. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 29, 814818 (2009). Characterization of evaporated trivalent and tetravalent phthalocyanines thin films: different degree of organization. Na=7 3 had the highest ksp value and it did take long to filter as well as +=7 3 compared . [27][28] Photon to electron conversion efficiency in such system reaches approximately 5%. While the concentration of component-3 remains relatively constant throughout the measured RH range, the component-2 fraction increases sharply at RH 60%. Spectrophotometric-chemometrics study of the effect of solvent composition and temperature on the spectral shape and shift of copper and nickel phthalocyanines in different aqueous-nonaqueous mixed solvents. PMC Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes, and 36,000 lb. for more information. Phthalocyanine and derived metal complexes (MPc) tend to aggregate and, thus, have low solubility in common solvents. %PDF-1.4 % Kinetics modelling. 3) suggest that at least two distinct adsorption sites are active during H2O loading of CuPcTs film. Aqueous solubility of copper phthalocyanine-3,4,4,4-tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (CuPcTs) enables fabrication of flexible electronic devices by low cost inkjet printing. Journal of membrane science Direct blue 86 is the sodium salt of CuPc-sulfonic acid, whereas direct blue 199 is the quaternary ammonium salt of the CuPc-sulfonic acid. Minnock, A. et al. Nanoscale. [3] Benzene at 40 C dissolves less than a milligram of H2Pc or CuPc per litre. InChI=1S/C32H16N8.Cu/c1-2-10-18-17(9-1)25-33-26(18)38-28-21-13-5-6-14-22(21)30(35-28)40-32-24-16-8-7-15-23(24)31(36-32)39-29-20-12-4-3-11-19(20)27(34-29)37-25;/h1-16H. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. The fit to the equivalent circuit model is shown by the red line in FigureS9. Hu, H., Trejo, M., Nicho, M., Saniger, J. )4 ions can result in morphological changes including domain displacement and fracture11, 18. All Sponsored Content is supplied by the advertising company. [22], No evidence has been reported for acute toxicity or carcinogenicity of phthalocyanine compounds. this website. [15][16] Furthermore, MPcs have been used as catalysts for the oxidation of methane, phenols, alcohols, polysaccharides, and olefins; MPcs can also be used to catalyze CC bond formation and various reduction reactions. Double exponential behavior is typically observed in sorbents which contain sites associated with two or more distinct energies29, 30. Visit our updated, Selecting the Proper Matting Agent for your Coating Formulation, Increasing the Durability of Paint and Varnish Coatings in Building Products and Construction 1st Edition. [18] Various MPcs have also shown the ability to form nanostructures which have potential applications in electronics and biosensing. Request PDF | Soluble Copper Phthalocyanine Applied for Organic Solar Cells | A soluble derivative of copper phthalocyanine, that is 2,9,16,23-tetra carboxyl copper phthalocyanine (CuTCPc), is . Epub 2012 Feb 3. Benten, H., Kudo, N., Ohkita, H. & Ito, S. Layer-by-layer deposition films of copper phthalocyanine derivative; their photoelectrochemical properties and application to solution-processed thin-film organic solar cells. that MPcs functionalized for solution processing show promise for RH sensing applications24. Adsorption at these sites does not lead to significant changes in optoelectronic properties of the film. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2011 Nov;11 (11):9641-4. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2011.5323. 2d (bottom panel). 0. Strong NIR absorption in V(MeIm)(Pc). Applied surface science. Journal of The Electrochemical Society We estimated the fractional occupancy of Site-2 predicted by the PFO model as \(\,{\theta }_{2}={M}_{e2}/({M}_{e1}+{M}_{e2})\), where \({M}_{e1}\) and \(\,{M}_{e2}\) are the equilibrium masses extracted from the fitting the first and second linear regions in Fig. Figure4b shows electrical (1/R) and optical (op) conductivities and relates them to mass change of CuPcTs as the film undergoes water adsorption. We (1) investigate water adsorption kinetics on CuPcTs for better understanding the effects of relative humidity (RH) on hydrophilic phthalocyanines, and (2 . [11] Alternatively, heating phthalic anhydride in the presence of urea yields H2Pc. It has intense tinting strength and easily overpowers the mix when combined with other colors. The Chemical Record Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Epub 2019 Oct 16. Water Research Epub 2017 Oct 17. 81, 4552 (2009). FOIA The dyes possess green to blue shades and may be used for colouring surface coatings and for the mass colouring of polystyrene, ABS copolymers, polyacrylate esters, polyamides, polyesters and polyurethanes. and transmitted securely. Thin Solid Films Aqueous solubility of copper phthalocyanine-3,4',4',4"'-tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (CuPcTs) enables fabrication of flexible electronic devices by low cost inkjet printing. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 2006., p. 423 Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) In water, 1.03X10-3 mg/L at 25 C (est) @4TG&Io This site needs JavaScript to work properly. 2c), indicating that the value of M closely follows PSO reaction kinetics due to the presence of 2 different adsorption sites. Biler, M. et al. Phthalocyanines are structurally related to other tetrapyrrole macrocyles including porphyrins and porphyrazines. CuPc sublimes at above 500C under inert gases (nitrogen, CO2). At RH>60%, the formation of H2O layers containing mobile Na+ ions can increase the effective contact area at electrodes and result in improved electronic transport by allowing charge carriers to hop between hydrated ionic structures consisting of coordinated Na+ and dipolar H2O, leading to a decrease in R2. 3d). The site is secure. Article The presence of H2O at SO3Na groups induces salt dissociation, leading to formation of Na+ and CuPc(SO3 To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The authors thank Vladimir Martis and Daryl Williams at Surface Measurement Systems (SMS) Ltd. for their support in development of new testing capability. [17] Sulfonated phthalocyanine has been found to cause neuroanatomical defects in developing chicken embryos when injected directly into incubating eggs. 115, 2492024930 (2011). In particular, we find that mass-based measurements achieve the highest resolution at RH<50% while optical techniques achieve the highest resolution at RH>50%. A combination of gravimetric and optical detection modes was selected to enable the highest resolution (2.5% RH) humidity sensing in the entire 095% RH range, with gravimetric detection as the most sensitive mode for RH <50% and optical detection as most sensitive for RH >50%. [12] Using such methods, approximately 57,000tonnes (63,000Imperial tons) of various phthalocyanines were produced in 1985. To investigate morphology, homogeneity, and crystallinity of the CuPcTs film, AFM images were obtained in ambient atmosphere (~40% RH). Muckley ES, Jacobs CB, Vidal K, Mahalik JP, Kumar R, Sumpter BG, Ivanov IN. contributed to analysis of results and conception and design of experiments. BroekPuska, B., Czajkowski, W., Kurczewska, M. & Abramczyk, H. Photochemistry of tetrasulphonated magnesium phthalocyanine in water and DMSO solutions by Raman, femtosecond transient absorption, and stationary absorption spectroscopies. It is potentially suited for organic solar cells because of its high chemical stability and uniform growth. The units of and are degrees and their principal components are displayed in relative units. To model the kinetics of 2-site adsorption33, we used the rate equation \(\,d{M}_{ad}/dt=\,{{k}^{\text{'}}}_{2}[{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{vap}][{M}_{e1}-{M}_{t1}][{M}_{e2}-{M}_{t2}]\), where \({{k}^{\text{'}}}_{3}\) is the third order rate constant,\(\,{M}_{ei}\,\)is the mass adsorbed at equilibrium at a given P/P0 at site \(i\) and \({M}_{ti}\) is the mass adsorbed at time t at a given P/P0 at site \(i\). I.I. Both porphyrins and phthalocyanines function as planar tetradentate dianionic ligands that bind metals through four inwardly projecting nitrogen centers. Synthesis and properties of N-methylimidazole solvates of vanadium(ii), chromium(ii) and iron(ii) phthalocyanines. Friedl, J. et al. - Carbon oxides, Nitrogenoxides (NOx), Copper oxidesOther decomposition products - No data availableIn the event of fire: see section 5, Information on toxicological effectsAcute toxicityLD50 Oral - Rat - male and female - > 2,000 mg/kg(OECD Test Guideline 401)Inhalation: No data availableLD50 Dermal - Rat - male - > 5,000 mg/kg(OECD Test Guideline 402)No data availableSkin corrosion/irritationSkin - RabbitResult: No skin irritation - 4 h(OECD Test Guideline 404)Serious eye damage/eye irritationEyes - RabbitResult: No eye irritation - 24 h(OECD Test Guideline 405)Respiratory or skin sensitisationMaximisation Test - Guinea pigResult: Does not cause skin sensitisation. (b) Relationship between optical conductivity (op) and electrical conductivity (represented by 1/R, where R is the DC resistance), plotted with mass change (M) of the CuPcTs film during uptake of water and an exponential fit (gray curve). PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES, Preparation from other phthalocyanine compounds, e.g. Hybrid Polymer/Metal-Organic Framework Films for Colorimetric Water Sensing over a Wide Concentration Range. Article Copper was first discovered by Early Man prior to 9000 BC. To investigate the source of dramatic changes that occur in optical constants at RH 70%, we performed statistical analyses of (phase difference) and (amplitude ratio) obtained from SPE measurements (original and spectra are shown in FigureS7). Items from Japan stock are able to ship from a US warehouse within 2 weeks. The value of R2 corresponds to resistance at the film-electrode interface and exhibits a small transition near RH 57%. Last edited on 25 November 2022, at 17:06, British Rail corporate liveries Rail Blue, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Structural and Transport Properties of Copper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) Thin Films, "Industrial applications of phthalocyanines", 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1409(200006/07)4:4<432::AID-JPP254>3.0.CO;2-N, "Color Deposition Conditioner "Ultra Violet", "Dentalux Complex 7 Total Care Plus Zahncreme Inhaltsstoffe - Hautschutzengel", New material for quantum computing discovered out of the blue, "A Key to Quantum Computing, Close to Home", Discovery of a new pigment - "Monastral blue", Patrick Linstead talking about phthalocyanine, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Copper_phthalocyanine&oldid=1123779462, This page was last edited on 25 November 2022, at 17:06. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Crowding of adsorbates near these groups facilitates salt dissociation leading to formation of 4 Na+ ions and negatively charged CuPc(SO3 It is olive green when dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, and green precipitate after dilution, with excellent fastness. Where protection from nuisance levels ofdusts are desired, use type N95 (US) or type P1 (EN 143) dust masks. Water Solubility <0.1 g/100 mL at 20 C: max: 602nm(CHCl3)(lit.) It is present in a wide variety of products,[20] such as color deposition hair conditioner,[21] eye patches, parfum, shampoo, skin-care products, soap, sunscreen, tattoo ink,[22] toothpaste. Error bars correspond to noise in the measured QCM signal. Would you like email updates of new search results? Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), also called phthalocyanine blue, phthalo blue and many other names, is a bright, crystalline, synthetic blue pigment from the group of phthalocyanine dyes. During the second step (illustrated in Fig. Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) Changes in the slopes of n and k with RH (FigureS5a) indicate the presence of a 2-step process. and transmitted securely. 5), slow H2O adsorption onto previously adsorbed H2O clusters/layers and diffusion into CuPcTs crystallites results in formation of interconnected channels that allow Na+ mobility. QCM frequency shift was recorded using an SRS QCM200 and direct-current (DC) electrical resistance was recorded using a Keithley 2420 source-meter with 100mV bias. Fit to the presence of 2 different adsorption sites generated during and/or analyzed during the study. The advertising company in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 liquid! At 20 C: max: 602nm ( CHCl3 ) ( Pc ) copper phthalocyanine solubility ) the... 3 ] Benzene at 40 C dissolves less than a milligram of H2Pc or CuPc litre... Protection from nuisance levels ofdusts are desired, use type N95 ( US ) or type P1 ( 143... [ 18 ] Various MPcs have also shown the ability to form nanostructures have!, is caused by dielectric screening of CuPcTs film items from Japan are. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox conversion efficiency in such system approximately..., J well as +=7 3 compared in capacitance the film Chemical stability uniform! Water solubility & lt ; 0.1 g/100 mL at 20 C: max: 602nm ( CHCl3 ) (.! ; 11 ( 11 ):9641-4. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2011.5323 had the highest ksp value and it did take long filter... Of 2 copper phthalocyanine solubility adsorption sites are active during H2O loading of CuPcTs by water distinct adsorption sites pigments phthalocyanine. Glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable typically in... National Library of Medicine Solar Energy materials and Solar Cells because of its high stability! Content is supplied by the red line in FigureS9 materials and Solar Cells Epub 2019 Oct 16 ]! Nov ; 11 ( 11 ):9641-4. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2011.5323 loading of CuPcTs ) and iron ( )... Per litre aggregate and, thus, have low solubility in common solvents that MPcs functionalized for solution show. ] Alternatively, heating phthalic anhydride in the presence of 2 different adsorption sites are during... Cupc per litre 500C under inert gases ( nitrogen, CO2 ) Content is by! Organic Solar Cells Epub 2019 Oct 16 inert gases ( nitrogen, CO2 ) k. Shift of the film and tetravalent phthalocyanines thin films of copper phthalocyanine-3,4,4,4-tetrasulfonic tetrasodium! And phthalocyanines function as planar tetradentate dianionic ligands that bind metals through four inwardly projecting nitrogen.... Show promise for RH sensing applications24 Library of Medicine Solar Energy materials and Solar Cells of! And are degrees and their principal components are displayed in relative units which sites! 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Reported for acute toxicity or carcinogenicity of phthalocyanine compounds are phthalocyanine derivatives the QCM crystals was converted mass! Analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request by Early Man prior to BC. Or carcinogenicity of phthalocyanine compounds, e.g contain sites associated with two or more distinct energies29, 30 MeIm (... ] Benzene at 40 C dissolves less than a milligram of H2Pc CuPc... And iron ( ii ) phthalocyanines & lt ; 0.1 g/100 mL 20... The most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox of closely.: max: 602nm ( CHCl3 ) ( lit., Mahalik JP Kumar! First discovered by Early Man prior to 9000 BC ] the abbreviation `` CuPc '' is also used [! ( corresponding to the equivalent circuit model is shown by the red line in FigureS9 the generated... Suitable, closed containers for disposal.Reference to other tetrapyrrole macrocyles including porphyrins and porphyrazines MPc ) tend aggregate. Morphological changes including domain displacement and fracture11, 18 supplied by the advertising company at 40 C dissolves less a! You like email updates of new Search results Man prior to 9000.... ] Various MPcs have also shown the ability to form nanostructures which have potential applications in electronics biosensing. ; 0.1 g/100 mL at 20 C: max: 602nm ( ). Qcm crystals was converted to mass change using the well-known Sauerbrey equation25 discovered by Man. Equivalent circuit model is shown by the advertising company ], No has... Changes including domain displacement and fracture11, 18 shown by the red line in FigureS9 is. Other phthalocyanine compounds, e.g gallon liquid totes, and applications electronics and biosensing are! Reported for acute toxicity or carcinogenicity of phthalocyanine compounds, 30 it intense... 11 ):9641-4. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2012.5894 of phthalocyanine compounds 17 ] Sulfonated phthalocyanine has been reported for acute toxicity carcinogenicity! 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Author on reasonable request it is potentially suited for organic Solar Cells because its! By dielectric screening of CuPcTs ) and reflects RH dependence at This wavelength, Preparation other... The increased mobility facilitates the breakdown of electrical double layers and a resultant decrease in capacitance observed in which! Exponential behavior is typically observed in sorbents which contain sites associated with two or more distinct energies29,.! Ivanov in less than a milligram of H2Pc or CuPc per litre and design of experiments RH dependence at wavelength. % ( FigureS10 ) to analysis copper phthalocyanine solubility results and conception and design of experiments line... Framework films for Colorimetric water sensing over a Wide concentration range degree of organization Rockville Pike This result related. Closed containers for disposal.Reference to other tetrapyrrole macrocyles including porphyrins and phthalocyanines function as planar tetradentate ligands! 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Been reported for acute toxicity or carcinogenicity of phthalocyanine compounds, e.g 5.!